![]() ![]() Has an atomic number of six, but we can rewrite Is the total number of protons and neutrons inside Little bit nuance in the future- is that this The total, you could view this as the total number And sometimes, it'llīe written like this. Nucleus, one, two, three, four, five, six. The electrons can change, you can still have So one, two, three,Ī version of carbon, will also have six neutrons. But one way toĪnd the neutrons that are at the center of the atom. The other two constituentsĬan start to build in your head- and this model,Īs we go through chemistry, it'll get a little bit moreĪbstract and really hard to conceptualize. Number up here, because that is the definingĬharacteristic of an element. Written right at the top, here, for each of theseĮlements in the periodic table- the number of protons isĮqual to the atomic number. If, somehow, you were toĪdd another proton to there, it wouldn't be oxygen anymore. Hydrogen has one proton, helium has two protons,Ĭarbon has six protons. Periodic table right here, they're actually written Nucleus in a second- that is what defines the element. Nucleus of an atom, and I'll talk about the The defining- the number of protons in the It a little bit better, let's talk about thoseįundamental elements. Properties of the element, how it would react, or you couldĮven change the element itself. Number of fundamental particles you have, you could change the They're actually defined by the arrangement of That, those basic building blocks are related Is this most basic building block of carbon, this most basicīuilding block of any element. Now it would be prettyĬool, in and of itself, that we do know that there Million carbon atoms, just going along it. The width of a hair, and there would be a Putting a million things next to each other,Īcross the hair. Width of my hair, and said, how many carbon Hair, here, and I were to ask you, how manyĬarbon atoms wide is my hair? So, if you took a cross My hair is black,īut if I did that, you wouldn't be able to Hair- right over here, my hair isn't yellow,īut it contrasts nicely with the black. ![]() And so if you took my hair-Īnd so my hair is carbon, my hair is mostly carbon. Unbelievably small, really unimaginably small. This is really something that I have trouble And you wouldn't beĪble to break that down anymore and still You did the same thingīetter word, particle, that you would call a lead atom. Here, eventually you would get to a gold atom. Smaller chunks of this, eventually, you would Going through the ones that are very relevant to humanity,īut over time, you'll probably familiarize Temperatures and react in certain ways- weĬall them elements. Have these specific properties at certain And so just to getĭifferent substances- these pure substances that Has the properties of carbon? And if you were Smallest unit, of this stuff, of this substance, that still Smaller chunks, is there some smallest chunk, some ![]() Keep breaking down this carbon, into smaller and So these are things that we'veĪll, kind of, that humanity has observed for The temperature high enough on gold or lead, youĬould get a liquid. Is carbon or oxygen or nitrogen, that seems to have different Type of air particles you're looking at, whether it It looks like there's certain types of air, andĬertain types of air particles. ![]() Website, right over there- all of these are in Shown pictures of, here- and I got them all from this To observe how they react with each other inĬertain circumstances. Light in a certain way, or not reflect light, orīe a certain color, or at a certain temperature, be Substances tend to have different properties. They attract because opposite charges of similar magnitude attract one another.įor thousands of years, just looking at ourĭifferent substances. And the number of electrons is typically dictated by the number of protons, because protons have a nearly equal positive charge, in comparison to the aforementioned electrons. Much of these behaviors are due to the number of electrons (negatively charged particles). And again, if you were to break an atom apart into its electrons, protons and neutrons, those building blocks would no-longer exhibit the behavior and properties that they exhibited as a combined mass. Indeed the heavier elements were created in the supernovas of dying stars (we're all made of star dust! how special!) Anyways what conceptually separates an atom from the subatomic particles which comprise it is the fact that when these individual particle come together they assume properties that the particles would lack alone. An atom is a conglomeration of subatomic particles that were fused together under extreme heats and pressures many millions/ billions of years ago. ![]()
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